/* Education Section */
.education-section {
    padding: 80px 0;
    background-color: #bfcdcd; /* Light Blue-Gray */
}

.section-title-wrapper {
    text-align: center;
    margin-bottom: 3rem;
}

.section-subtitle {
    color: #4c666f;
    font-weight: 600;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    letter-spacing: 1px;
    margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
    display: block;
}

.section-title-main {
    font-size: 2.5rem;
    color: #000000; /* Matches existing dark teal */
    font-weight: 700;
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
}

.education-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(300px, 1fr));
    gap: 2rem;
}

.education-card {
    background: #fff;
    border-radius: 12px;
    padding: 2rem;
    box-shadow: 0 5px 20px rgba(0,0,0,0.05);
    border-left: 4px solid #2f4f4f;
    transition: transform 0.3s ease, box-shadow 0.3s ease;
    display: flex;
    align-items: flex-start;
    gap: 1.5rem;
}

.education-card:hover {
    transform: translateY(-5px);
    box-shadow: 0 10px 25px rgba(0,0,0,0.1);
}

.edu-icon-wrapper {
    width: 60px;
    height: 60px;
    background: #f0f7f7;
    border-radius: 50%;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    flex-shrink: 0;
    color: #4c666f;
    font-size: 1.5rem;
}

.edu-content h4 {
    font-size: 1.25rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    color: #333;
    margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
}

.edu-degree-subtitle {
    font-size: 0.95rem;
    color: #4c666f;
    font-weight: 600;
    margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
    display: block;
}

.edu-institution {
    color: #666;
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    line-height: 1.5;
    margin-bottom: 0.25rem;
}

.edu-year {
    font-size: 0.85rem;
    color: #999;
    font-weight: 500;
}

/* Experience Timeline Section */
.experience-section {
    padding: 80px 0;
    background-color: #fff; /* White */
    position: relative;
    /* Subtle modern background accent */
    background-image: radial-gradient(#bfcdcd 1px, transparent 1px);
    background-size: 40px 40px;
    background-position: 0 0, 20px 20px;

    background-attachment: fixed;
}
/* Ensure content is readable over pattern */
.experience-section .container {
    background: rgba(255,255,255,0.9);
    padding: 2rem;
    border-radius: 12px;
}

.timeline-container {
    position: relative;
    max-width: 1000px;
    margin: 0 auto;
    padding: 2rem 0;
}

.timeline-container::after {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    width: 4px;
    background-color: #4c666f;
    top: 0;
    bottom: 0;
    left: 50%;
    margin-left: -2px;
    border-radius: 2px;
}

.timeline-item {
    padding: 10px 40px;
    position: relative;
    background-color: inherit;
    width: 50%;
}

.timeline-item.left {
    left: 0;
}

.timeline-item.right {
    left: 50%;
}

.timeline-item::after {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    width: 20px;
    height: 20px;
    right: -10px;
    background-color: #fff;
    border: 4px solid #4c666f;
    top: 25px;
    border-radius: 50%;
    z-index: 1;
}

.timeline-item.right::after {
    left: -10px;
}

.timeline-content {
    background-color: white;
    padding: 20px 30px;
    border-radius: 12px;
    position: relative;
    box-shadow: 0 5px 15px rgba(0,0,0,0.05);
    border-top: 3px solid #4c666f;
}

.timeline-year-badge {
    display: inline-block;
    background: #eef2f3;
    color: #4c666f;
    padding: 4px 12px;
    border-radius: 20px;
    font-size: 0.85rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    margin-bottom: 10px;
}

.timeline-role {
    font-size: 1.2rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    color: #333;
    margin-bottom: 5px;
}

.timeline-institution {
    font-size: 1rem;
    color: #4c666f;
    margin-bottom: 5px;
    font-weight: 600;
}

.timeline-desc {
    font-size: 0.95rem;
    color: #666;
    line-height: 1.6;
}

/* Current Roles Section Refinement */
.current-roles-section {
    padding: 80px 0;
    background-color: #bfcdcd; /* Light Blue-Gray */
}

.role-card {
    background: #fff;
    border: 1px solid #eee;
    border-radius: 12px;
    padding: 1.5rem;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
    height: 100%;
}

.role-card:hover {
    box-shadow: 0 10px 30px rgba(76, 102, 111, 0.1);
    border-color: #c5d89d;
}

.role-header {
    display: flex;
    align-items: flex-start;
    gap: 1rem;
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
}

.role-icon {
    width: 40px;
    height: 40px;
    background: #eef2f3;
    border-radius: 8px;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    color: #4c666f;
}

.role-title {
    font-size: 1.1rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    color: #333;
    line-height: 1.3;
}

.role-details {
    color: #666;
    font-size: 0.95rem;
    margin-bottom: 0;
}

.role-hospital {
    color: #4c666f;
    font-weight: 600;
    display: block;
    margin-bottom: 0.25rem;
}

/* Memberships Section */
.memberships-section {
    padding: 80px 0;
    background-color: #fff; /* White */
}

.membership-list {
    list-style: none;
    padding: 0;
    margin: 0;
}

.membership-item {
    background: #fff;
    padding: 1.25rem;
    border-radius: 10px;
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 1rem;
    box-shadow: 0 2px 10px rgba(0,0,0,0.03);
    transition: transform 0.2s ease;
}

.membership-item:hover {
    transform: translateX(5px);
}

.membership-icon {
    color: #4c666f; /* Accent color */
    font-size: 1.2rem;
}

.membership-text {
    font-size: 1.05rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    color: #4c666f;
}

/* Responsive Timeline */
@media screen and (max-width: 768px) {
    .timeline-container::after {
        left: 31px;
    }
    
    .timeline-item {
        width: 100%;
        padding-left: 70px;
        padding-right: 25px;
    }
    
    .timeline-item::after {
        left: 21px;
    }
    
    .timeline-item.right {
        left: 0%;
    }
    
    .timeline-item.right::after {
        left: 21px;
    }
}

/* Clinical Locations Gallery (Affiliations) */
.about-affiliations-section {
    padding: 80px 0;
    background-color: #fff; /* White */
} 
/* Surgical Expertise Section */
.about-content-section-surgical {
    padding: 80px 0;
    background-color: #bfcdcd !important; /* Light Blue-Gray, override inline if present */
}

/* Research Section */
.research-section {
    padding: 80px 0;
    background-color: #fff;
    position: relative;
    /* Subtle modern background accent */
    background-image: radial-gradient(#bfcdcd 1px, transparent 1px);
    background-size: 40px 40px;
    background-position: 0 0, 20px 20px;
    background-attachment: fixed;
}
/* Ensure content is readable over pattern */
.research-section .container {
    background: rgba(255,255,255,0.9);
    padding: 2rem;
    border-radius: 12px;
}

.research-timeline {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    align-items: center;
    max-width: 800px;
    margin: 0 auto;
}

.research-item {
    background: #fff;
    border: 1px solid #eee;
    padding: 2rem;
    border-radius: 12px;
    text-align: center;
    width: 100%;
    position: relative;
    box-shadow: 0 5px 20px rgba(0,0,0,0.05);
    border-top: 4px solid #4c666f;
    transition: transform 0.3s ease;
}

.research-item:hover {
    transform: translateY(-5px);
    box-shadow: 0 10px 30px rgba(0,0,0,0.1);
}

.research-icon {
    width: 60px;
    height: 60px;
    background: #f0f7f7;
    color: #4c666f;
    border-radius: 50%;
    border: 2px solid #0a0a0a;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    font-size: 1.5rem;
    margin: 0 auto 1rem;
}

.research-title {
    font-size: 1.25rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    color: #333;
    margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
}

.research-desc {
    color: #666;
    margin-bottom: 0;
}

.research-arrow {
    font-size: 1.5rem;
    color: #000000;
    margin: 1rem 0;
    animation: bounce 2s infinite;
}

@keyframes bounce {
    0%, 20%, 50%, 80%, 100% {transform: translateY(0);}
    40% {transform: translateY(-10px);}
    60% {transform: translateY(-5px);}
}

/* Publications Section — Flip Card Design */
.publications-section {
    padding: 90px 0;
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #bfcdcd 0%, #d6e4e4 50%, #bfcdcd 100%);
    position: relative;
    overflow: hidden;
}

.publications-section::before {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    top: -80px;
    right: -80px;
    width: 350px;
    height: 350px;
    border-radius: 50%;
    background: radial-gradient(circle, rgba(76,102,111,0.12) 0%, transparent 70%);
    pointer-events: none;
}

.publications-section::after {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    bottom: -100px;
    left: -80px;
    width: 400px;
    height: 400px;
    border-radius: 50%;
    background: radial-gradient(circle, rgba(197,216,157,0.18) 0%, transparent 70%);
    pointer-events: none;
}

.publications-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fill, minmax(300px, 1fr));
    gap: 2rem;
    position: relative;
    z-index: 1;
}

/* ── flip card wrapper ── */
.pub-card {
    perspective: 1200px;
    height: 220px;
    cursor: pointer;
    /* remove all old flat styles */
    background: transparent;
    border: none;
    box-shadow: none;
    padding: 0;
    display: block;
    border-left: none;
    transform: none;
}

.pub-card-inner {
    position: relative;
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
    transform-style: preserve-3d;
    transition: transform 0.7s cubic-bezier(0.4, 0.2, 0.2, 1);
    border-radius: 18px;
}

.pub-card:hover .pub-card-inner {
    transform: rotateY(180deg);
}

/* ── shared face styles ── */
.pub-front,
.pub-back {
    position: absolute;
    inset: 0;
    backface-visibility: hidden;
    -webkit-backface-visibility: hidden;
    border-radius: 18px;
    padding: 1.75rem;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    justify-content: center;
    overflow: hidden;
}

/* ── FRONT face ── */
.pub-front {
    background: #ffffff;
    box-shadow: 0 8px 32px rgba(76,102,111,0.13), 0 2px 8px rgba(0,0,0,0.06);
    border: 1px solid rgba(76,102,111,0.12);
    gap: 0.75rem;
}

.pub-front::before {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    top: 0;
    left: 0;
    right: 0;
    height: 4px;
    background: linear-gradient(90deg, #4c666f 0%, #345355 100%);
    border-radius: 18px 18px 0 0;
}

/* year badge on front */
.pub-year {
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 0.4rem;
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #4c666f 0%, #2f4f4f 100%);
    color: #ffffff;
    font-size: 0.78rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    letter-spacing: 0.5px;
    padding: 4px 12px;
    border-radius: 20px;
    width: fit-content;
    text-transform: uppercase;
}

.pub-year::before {
    content: '\f02d';  /* fa-book */
    font-family: 'Font Awesome 5 Free';
    font-weight: 900;
    font-size: 0.75rem;
}

/* title on front */
.pub-details {
    display: contents;
}

.pub-details h4 {
    font-size: 1rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    color: #1a2b2e;
    margin-bottom: 0;
    line-height: 1.45;
    display: -webkit-box;
    -webkit-line-clamp: 4;
    line-clamp: 4;
    -webkit-box-orient: vertical;
    overflow: hidden;
}

.pub-details p {
    display: none;  /* hidden on front — shown on back */
}

/* flip hint on front */
.pub-flip-hint {
    position: absolute;
    bottom: 12px;
    right: 16px;
    font-size: 0.72rem;
    color: #4c666f;
    opacity: 0.6;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 4px;
    font-weight: 500;
    transition: opacity 0.3s;
}
.pub-card:hover .pub-flip-hint {
    opacity: 0;
}
.pub-flip-hint i {
    font-size: 0.8rem;
    animation: flip-hint-pulse 2s ease-in-out infinite;
}
@keyframes flip-hint-pulse {
    0%, 100% { transform: rotateY(0deg); }
    50%       { transform: rotateY(180deg); }
}

/* ── BACK face ── */
.pub-back {
    background: linear-gradient(145deg, #2f4f4f 0%, #4c666f 60%, #587680 100%);
    transform: rotateY(180deg);
    box-shadow: 0 12px 40px rgba(47,79,79,0.35);
    gap: 1rem;
    justify-content: space-between;
}

.pub-back::after {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    top: -60px;
    right: -60px;
    width: 180px;
    height: 180px;
    border-radius: 50%;
    background: rgba(197,216,157,0.10);
    pointer-events: none;
}

.pub-back-title {
    font-size: 0.88rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    color: #ffffff;
    line-height: 1.4;
    display: -webkit-box;
    -webkit-line-clamp: 3;
    line-clamp: 3;
    -webkit-box-orient: vertical;
    overflow: hidden;
}

.pub-back-meta {
    font-size: 0.82rem;
    color: rgba(255,255,255,0.88);
    font-style: italic;
    line-height: 1.5;
    display: -webkit-box;
    -webkit-line-clamp: 3;
    line-clamp: 3;
    -webkit-box-orient: vertical;
    overflow: hidden;
}

.pub-back-year {
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 0.35rem;
    background: rgba(197,216,157,0.2);
    border: 1px solid rgba(197,216,157,0.4);
    color: #ffffff;
    font-size: 0.75rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    padding: 3px 10px;
    border-radius: 20px;
    width: fit-content;
    letter-spacing: 0.4px;
    text-transform: uppercase;
}

/* ── Touch / Mobile support ── */
.pub-card.is-flipped .pub-card-inner {
    transform: rotateY(180deg);
}

/* ── Responsive ── */
@media (max-width: 768px) {
    .publications-grid {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    }
    .pub-card {
        height: 200px;
    }
    .pub-details h4 {
        font-size: 0.95rem;
    }
}

/* Presentations Section */
.presentations-section {
    padding: 80px 0;
    background: #fff;
}

.presentation-column {
    background: #f9f9f9;
    padding: 2rem;
    border-radius: 12px;
    height: 100%;
    border-top: 4px solid #4c666f;
}

.pres-col-title {
    font-size: 1.25rem;
    color: #4c666f;
    border-bottom: 2px solid #e0e0e0;
    padding-bottom: 1rem;
    margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 0.5rem;
}

.pres-list {
    list-style: none;
    padding: 0;
    margin: 0;
}

.pres-list li {
    margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
    position: relative;
    padding-left: 1.5rem;
}

/* Triangle Bullet using CSS Borders */
.pres-list li::before {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    left: 0;
    top: 6px;
    width: 0; 
    height: 0; 
    border-top: 5px solid transparent;
    border-bottom: 5px solid transparent;
    border-left: 8px solid #c5d89d;
}

.pres-date {
    display: block;
    font-size: 0.8rem;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    color: #999;
    font-weight: 600;
    margin-bottom: 0.25rem;
}



/* Teaching Section */
.teaching-section {
    padding: 80px 0;
    background-color: #bfcdcd;
}

/* Teaching Orbit Visual */
.teaching-visual-wrap {
    display: flex;
    justify-content: center;
    align-items: center;
    padding: 2rem 0;
}

.teach-orbit-container {
    position: relative;
    width: 320px;
    height: 320px;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
}

/* Pulsing rings */
.teach-ring {
    position: absolute;
    border-radius: 50%;
    border: 2px dashed #bfcdcd;
    opacity: 0.6;
}
.teach-ring-1 {
    width: 220px;
    height: 220px;
    animation: spin-slow 18s linear infinite;
}
.teach-ring-2 {
    width: 310px;
    height: 310px;
    animation: spin-slow 28s linear infinite reverse;
    border-color: #4c666f;
    opacity: 0.25;
}

@keyframes spin-slow {
    from { transform: rotate(0deg); }
    to   { transform: rotate(360deg); }
}

/* Central hub */
.teach-core {
    width: 110px;
    height: 110px;
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #4c666f 0%, #2f4f4f 100%);
    border-radius: 50%;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    z-index: 5;
    box-shadow: 0 8px 30px rgba(76, 102, 111, 0.35);
}
.teach-core i {
    font-size: 2.8rem;
    color: #fff;
}

/* Floating stat badges */
.teach-badge {
    position: absolute;
    background: #fff;
    border: 2px solid #bfcdcd;
    border-radius: 14px;
    padding: 10px 16px;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 10px;
    box-shadow: 0 4px 16px rgba(76, 102, 111, 0.12);
    z-index: 10;
    white-space: nowrap;
    animation: float-badge 4s ease-in-out infinite;
}
.teach-badge i {
    font-size: 1.3rem;
    color: #4c666f;
}
.teach-badge span {
    font-size: 1rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    color: #222;
    line-height: 1.2;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
}
.teach-badge span small {
    font-size: 0.7rem;
    font-weight: 400;
    color: #777;
}

/* Position each badge */
.teach-badge-1 { top: 10px;  left: 50%; transform: translateX(-50%); animation-delay: 0s; }
.teach-badge-2 { bottom: 20px; left: 0;   animation-delay: 1.3s; }
.teach-badge-3 { bottom: 20px; right: 0;  animation-delay: 2.6s; }

@keyframes float-badge {
    0%, 100% { transform: translateY(0); }
    50%       { transform: translateY(-8px); }
}
/* fix badge-1's horizontal centering during float */
.teach-badge-1 {
    animation-name: float-badge-center;
}
@keyframes float-badge-center {
    0%, 100% { transform: translateX(-50%) translateY(0); }
    50%       { transform: translateX(-50%) translateY(-8px); }
}

.teaching-content {
    padding: 2rem;
}

.teaching-item {
    display: flex;
    gap: 1.5rem;
    margin-top: 2rem;
}

.teaching-icon {
    width: 50px;
    height: 50px;
    background: #fff;
    border-radius: 10px;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    color: #4c666f;
    font-size: 1.25rem;
    box-shadow: 0 4px 10px rgba(0,0,0,0.05);
    flex-shrink: 0;
}

.teaching-item h4 {
    font-size: 1.1rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    color: #333;
    margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
}

.teaching-item p {
    color: #666;
    margin-bottom: 0;
}

/* Volunteer Section */
.volunteer-section {
    padding: 80px 0;
    background: #fff;
    color: #000;
    position: relative;
    overflow: hidden;
}

.volunteer-title {
    font-size: 2rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    margin-bottom: 2rem;
    color: #000;
}

.volunteer-content {
    display: flex;
    gap: 1.5rem;
    align-items: flex-start;
}

.volunteer-content h3 {
    font-size: 1.25rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
    color: #000;
}

.volunteer-content p {
    color: #333;
}

.vol-icon {
    width: 50px;
    height: 50px;
    background: #f0f7f7;
    border-radius: 50%;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    font-size: 1.25rem;
    flex-shrink: 0;
    color: #000;
}

.volunteer-badge {
    width: 200px;
    height: 200px;
    border: 4px solid #bfcdcd;
    border-radius: 50%;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    justify-content: center;
    align-items: center;
    margin: 0 auto;
    background: #fff;
    box-shadow: 0 5px 20px rgba(0,0,0,0.05);
    position: relative;
    z-index: 2;
}

.volunteer-badge i {
    font-size: 2.5rem;
    margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
    color: #000;
}

.volunteer-badge span {
    font-size: 3rem;
    font-weight: 800;
    line-height: 1;
    color: #000;
}

.volunteer-badge small {
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    opacity: 0.9;
    color: #666;
}

/* Responsiveness adjustments */
@media screen and (max-width: 991px) {
    .teaching-card-visual {
        margin: 0 auto 2rem;
    }
    
    .volunteer-badge {
        margin-top: 3rem;
    }
}

@media screen and (max-width: 768px) {
    .research-section, .publications-section, .presentations-section, .teaching-section, .volunteer-section {
        padding: 50px 0;
    }

    .research-item{
        padding: 1.5rem;
    }
    
    .teaching-item {
        flex-direction: column;
        gap: 0.5rem;
        text-align: center;
    }
    
    .teaching-icon {
        margin: 0 auto;
    }
    
    .teaching-content {
        padding: 0; 
        text-align: center;
    }
    
    .teaching-content .section-title-main {
        text-align: center !important;
    }
    
    .volunteer-content {
        flex-direction: column;
        align-items: center;
        text-align: center;
    }

    .volunteer-title {
        text-align: center;
    }
}